FORMAÇÃO:
SUJEITO + VERBO AUXILIAR + NOT + VERBO PRINCIPAL
Ex.:
Paul is not telling you the truth.
is = verbo auxiliar
telling = verbo principal
(Paul não está lhe dizendo a verdade.)
The student can not understand this lesson.
can = verbo auxiliar
understand = verbo principal
(O estudante não pode compreender esta lição.)
CONTRACTED FORM
Is not = isn't
Are not = aren't
Was not = wasn't
Were not = weren't
Has not = hasn't
Have not = haven't
Will not = won't
Shall not = shan't
Would not = wouldn't
Should not = shouldn't
Ought not = oughtn't
Can not = cannot = can't
May not = mayn't
Must not = mustn't
Ex.:
1) They may leave on Tuesday.
(Eles podem sair na terça-feira.)
They may not (mayn't) leave on Tuesday.
2) The actors were superb.
(Os atores eram magníficos.)
The actors were not (weren't) superb.
3) You must go now.
(Você deve ir agora.)
You must not (mustn't) now.
4) He was walking through the streets of his home town.
(Ele estava andando nas ruas de sua cidade natal.)
He was not (wasn't) walking through the streets of his home town.
5) You can come later.
(Você pode vir mais tarde.)
You can not (cannot/can't) come later.
6) It would have been a wonderful day.
(Seria um dia maravilhoso.)
It would not (wouldn't) have been a wonderful day.
7) She will be back soon.
(Ela voltará logo.)
She will not (won't) be back soon.
8) He had been a businessman before.
(Ele tinha sido um homem de negócios antes.)
He had not (hadn't) been a businessman before.
9) We have talked about you.
(Nós falamos sobre você.)
We have not (haven't) talked about you.
10) We shall arrive on time.
(Nós chegaremos a tempo.)
We shall not (shan't) arrive on time.
11) You should call him.
(Você deve chamá-lo.)
You should not (shouldn't) call him.
12) You ought to play cards.
(Você deve jogar cartas.)
You ought not (oughtn't) to play cards.
QUESTION FORM
FORMAÇÃO:
a) VERBO AUXILIAR + SUJEITO + NOT + VERBO PRINCIPAL
Ex.:
Will Jim not be glad to see us?
(Jim não estará contente ao ver-nos?)
b) VERBO AUXILIAR + NOT + SUJEITO + VERBO PRINCIPAL
VERBO AUXILIAR + NOT = CONTRACTED FORM
Ex.:
Aren't you going to dance?
(Você não está indo dançar?)
THE SIMPLE PRESENT AND THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE
Como vimos anteriormente, esses dois tempos verbais são conjugados sem um verbo auxiliar.
Ex.:
He speaks.
They studied.
Entretanto, nas formas negativa e interrogativa, esses dois tempos usam o verbo auxiliar DO, que, embora não seja traduzido, serve para identificar o tempo do verbo.
SIMPLE PRESENT
FORMAÇÃO:
SUJEITO + VERBO AUXILIAR (do / does) + NOT + VERBO PRINCIPAL NO INFINITIVO SEM O TO.
AFFIRMATIVE FORM
I work
You work
He works
She works
It works
We work
You work
They work
NEGATIVE FORM
I do not (don't) work
You do not (don't) work
He does not (doesn't) work
She does not (doesn't) work
It does not (doesn't) work
We do not (don't) work
You do not (don't) work
They do not (don't) work
QUESTION FORM
FORMAÇÃO:
VERBO AUXILIAR (do / does) + SUJEITO + VERBO PRINCIPAL NO INFINITIVO SEM O TO
QUESTION FORM
Do I work?
Do you work?
Does he work?
Does she work?
Does it work?
Do we work?
Do you work?
Do they work?
NEGATIVE FORM
Don't I work? (Do I not work?)
Don't you work?
Doesn't he work?
Doesn't she work?
Doesn't it work?
Don't we work?
Don't you work?
Don't they work?
ATTENTION!!!
O verbo TO HAVE, quando conjugado como um verbo "comum", admite a utilização ou não-utilização do verbo auxiliar.
Ex.:
He hasn't a book.
He doesn't have a book.
I: Does he have a book?
SIMPLE PAST TENSE (Negative Form)
FORMAÇÃO:
SUJEITO + VERBO AUXILIAR (did) + NOT + VERBO PRINCIPAL NO INFINITIVO SEM O TO
Ex.:
TO GO - WENT - GONE = ir
AFFIRMATIVE FORM
I went
You went
He went
She went
It went
We went
You went
They went
NEGATIVE FORM
I did not (didn't) go
You did not (didn't) go
He did not (didn't) go
She did not (didn't) go
It did not (didn't) go
We did not (didn't) go
You did not (didn't) go
They did not (didn't) go
QUESTION FORM
FORMAÇÃO:
VERBO AUXILIAR (did) + SUJEITO + VERBO PRINCIPAL NO INFINITIVO SEM O TO
Did I go?
Did you go?
Did he go?
Did she go?
Did it go?
Did we go?
Did you go?
Did they go?
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