REGULAR VERB
Infinitive: TO RETURN
Simple Past: RETURNED
Past Participle: RETURNED
IRREGULAR VERB
Infinitive: TO WRITE
Simple Past: WROTE
Past Participle: WRITTEN
TO WRITE – Simple Past Tense:
I WROTE
You WROTE
He, She, It WROTE
We WROTE
You WROTE
They WROTE
TO RETURN – Simple Past Tense:
I RETURNED
You RETURNED
He, She, It RETURNED
We RETURNED
You RETURNED
They RETURNED
O SIMPLE PAST corresponde à segunda forma principal do verbo. Este, conjugado no SIMPLE PAST, mantém a mesma forma para todas as pessoas.
REGULAR VERBS
Verificamos, portanto, que para obtermos o SIMPLE PAST e o PAST PARTICIPLE dos verbos regulares, basta acrescentarmos o sufixo ED ao infinitivo sem o TO.
E.g.
Infinitive: TO EXPECT
Simple Past: EXPECTED
Past Participle: EXPECTED
SPECIAL RULES
A) Infinitive: TO MOVE (mudar)
Simple Past: MOVED
Past Participle: MOVED
TO LOVE (AMAR)
Simple Past: LOVED
Past Participle: LOVED
Os verbos regulares terminados em E perdem esse E ao acrescentarmos ED.
B) Infinitive: TO TRY (tentar)
Simple Past: TRIED
Past Participle: TRIED
TO PLAY (brincar, jogar, tocar)
Simple Past: PLAYED
Past Participle: PLAYED
a) Verbos regulares terminados em Y precedido de consoante: o Y se transforma em I e acrescentamos ED.
b) Verbos regulares terminados em Y precedido de vogal: acrescentamos apenas ED, sem modificações.
C) Infinitive: TO FIT (ajustar, adaptar)
Simple Past: FITTED
Past Participle: FITTED
Infinitive: TO PREFER (preferir)
Simple Past: PREFERRED
Past Participle: PREFERRED
a) Se o verbo for constituído de uma única sílaba, composta de uma CONSOANTE, uma VOGAL e uma CONSOANTE, dobra-se a consoante final.
b) O mesmo ocorrerá se o verbo tiver duas sílabas e a última for uma sílaba tônica. Os verbos mais comuns desse caso são:
TO OCCUR – ocorrer
TO RECCUR – repetir-se, tornar a ocorrer
TO ADMIT – admitir
TO COMMIT – cometer
TO PERMIT – permitir
TO EMIT – emitir
TO TRANSMIT – transmitir
TO PREFER – preferir
TO REGRET – arrepender-se
TO WORSHIP – idolatrar
USOS DO SIMPLE PAST TENSE
A) O SIMPLE PAST expressa uma AÇÃO ACABADA EM TEMPO DEFINIDO NO PASSADO.
Paul left for Japan last month.
(Paulo partiu para o Japão no mês passado.)
B) O SIMPLE PAST mostra AÇÕES CONSECUTIVAS OCORRIDAS NO PASSADO.
E.g.
As soon as he came in, she flung her arms around his neck.
(Assim que ele entrou, ela lançou seus braços em torno de seu pescoço.)
ADVÉRBIOS E LOCUÇÕES ADVERBIAIS QUE, EM GERAL, ACOMPANHAM O SIMPLE PAST TENSE
YESTERDAY – ontem
THE DAY BEFORE YESTERDAY – anteontem
LAST NIGHT – ontem à noite
LAST SATURDAY – sábado passado
LAST WINTER – inverno passado
etc.
TWO HOURS AGO – duas horas atrás
FIVE MINUTES AGO – cinco minutos atrás
WEEK AGO – semana passada
etc.
IN 1999 – em 1999
etc.
IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS
TO CHANGE ONE’S MIND = mudar de idéia
I changed my mind.
(Eu mudei de idéia.)
TO HAVE A GOOD TIME = TO ENJOY ONESELF = divertir-se
LISTA DOS PRINCIPAIS VERBOS IRREGULARES - CLIQUE AQUI
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TEXT
At the end of summer Rampion returned to Sheffield, and a little later the Felphams moved southwards to their London house. It was Mary who wrote the first letter. She had expected to hear from him; but he did not write... The weeks passed. In the end she wrote to ask him the name of a book about which he had spoken in one of their conversation. The pretext was flimsy; but it served. He answered; she thanked him; the correpondence became an established fact.
(Point Counter Point, Aldous Huxley, p.139).
WORD STUDY
SEASONS = estações do ano
SUMMER = verão
AUTUMN = FALL = outono
WINTER = inverno
SPRING = primavera
TO RETURN = TO COME BACK = voltar
LATE = tarde x EARLY = cedo
SOUTHWARDS = para o sul
NORTHWARDS, HOMEWARDS etc.
FIRST = primeiro x LAST = último
TO WRITE - WROTE - WRITTEN = escrever
TO HEAR - HEARD - HEARD = ouvir
TO HEAR FROM = ter notícias de
TO EXPEC = esperar
TO THANK = agradecer
TO BECOME - BECAME - BECOME = tornar-se
FLIMSY = fútil, tolo
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